Text 15747, 599 rader
Skriven 2021-02-12 09:05:04 av Sean Dennis (1:18/200.0)
Ärende: The Weekly ARRL Letter
==============================
The ARRL Letter
February 11, 2021
* ARRL to Extend Field Day Rule Waivers from 2020, d Class D and E
Power Limit
* Orlando HamCation Special Edition Online Event and QSO Party Set
for February 13 - 14
* ARRL to FCC: ditional Volunteer Examiner Coordinators Not Needed
* ARRL Podcasts Schedule
* RadFxSat-2/Fox-1E Designated AMSAT-OSCAR 109 as Troubleshooting
Continues
* ARRL Learning Network Webinars
* IARU Agrees On Preliminary WRC-23 Positions
* Amateur Radio in the News
* Article: Ham Radio Forms a Planet-Sized Space Weather Sensor
Network
* Announcements
* A "Perfect Coronal Mass Ejection" Could Be a Nightmare
* Club Gets Double Duty from Minnesota QSO Party 2021 Operation
* The K7RA Solar Update
* In Brief...
* Just Ahead in Radiosport
* Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions
-------------------------------------------------------------------
ARRL Headquarters will be closed on Monday, February 15, for Presidents
Day and will re-open on Tuesday, February 16, at 8 AM EST.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
ARRL to Extend Field Day Rule Waivers from 2020, d Class D and E
Power Limit
The COVID-19 pandemic-modified ARRL Field Day rules from 2020 will
continue this June with the addition of a power limit imposed on Class
D (Home Stations) and Class E (Home Stations-Emergency Power)
participants. The news from the ARRL Board's Programs and Services
Committee comes as many clubs and groups are starting preparations for
Field Day in earnest. Field Day 2021 will take place June 26 - 27.
"This early decision should alleviate any hesitancy that radio clubs
and individual Field Day participants may have with their planning for
the event," said ARRL Contest Program Manager Paul Bourque, N1SFE.
For Field Day 2021, Class D stations may work all other Field Day
stations, including other Class D stations, for points. This year,
however, Class D and Class E stations will be limited to 150 W PEP
output.
For Field Day 2021, an aggregate club score will be published -- just
as it was done last year. The aggregate score will be a sum of all
individual entries that attributed their score to that of a specific
club.
ARRL Field Day is one of the biggest events on the amateur radio
calendar. Last summer, a record 10,213 entries were received.
"With the greater flexibility afforded by the rules waivers,
individuals and groups will still be able to participate in Field Day,
while still staying within any public health recommendations and/or
requirements," Bourque said.
The ARRL Field Day web page contains complete rules and entry forms, as
well as any updated information as it becomes available. Join the ARRL
Field Day Facebook group. Read an expanded version.
Orlando HamCation Special Edition Online Event and QSO Party Set for
February 13 - 14
The Orlando HamCation Special Edition online event and QSO Party will
take place this weekend, February 13 - 14. The online event will
include youth, technology, contesting, and vendor webinar tracks via
Zoom. ARRL will also present two webinars on Saturday, February 13.
The ARRL Member Forum at 1 PM EST, will be moderated by ARRL
Southeastern Division Director Mickey Baker, N4MB. Presenters include
ARRL CEO David Minster, NA2AA, and ARRL Director of Emergency
Management Paul Gilbert, KE5ZW.
Gilbert also will be the moderator for an Amateur Radio Emergency
Service (ARES^(R)) presentation at 3 PM EST. The ARES presentation will
include ARRL Northern Florida Section Emergency Coordinator Karl
Martin, K4HBN, and Southern Florida SEC John Wells, W4CMH.
The HamCation QSO Party -- a 12-hour on-air event, will also take place
this weekend. Nine HamCation special event stations with 1 * 1 call
signs will be on the air with combined suffixes spelling out HamCation
(e.g., K4H, W4A, K4M, etc). Scores will be posted on www.3830Scores.com
-- no logs are required.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
ARRL to Offer Weekend of Specials for Hams Missing Orlando
HamCation^(R) 2021. This weekend, February 13-14, was supposed to be
the ARRL National Convention at Orlando HamCation. While members will
have to wait until next year for our National Convention, ARRL will be
hosting a special "At Home Expo" this weekend. Enjoy a special video
from ARRL President Rick Roderick, K5UR; ARRL staff, and the HamCation
committee. Look for limited offers including membership premiums,
latest publications and products, 2021 Field Day gear, and our
exclusive sheet full of ARRL logo stickers. All who make a weekend
purchase or renew their membership will receive a free sticker sheet
with their order, while supplies last. Visit our ARRL at Home page to
check out all the offerings.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
ARRL to FCC: ditional Volunteer Examiner Coordinators Not Needed
ARRL has told the FCC that no additional Volunteer Examiner
Coordinators (VEC) are needed to oversee the administration of amateur
radio exams by Volunteer Examiners (VEs). Examination opportunities
have continued to be widely available throughout the US -- except for a
couple of months during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic -- and
adding VECs to the 14 now in place would "have no effect" on the number
of available exams, ARRL said. ARRL's comments on February 4 were in
response to a January 5 FCC Public Notice in WT Docket 21-2 seeking
input on possible expansion of the VEC pool.
"We found that even though 10 of the 12 months for calendar year 2020
were times of severe disruption throughout the nation, including for
FCC and ARRL Headquarters staff, amateur examination opportunities and
numbers were strong," ARRL told the FCC.
"Instead of increasing the number of VECs, we would encourage
volunteers to become accredited as VEs and to volunteer to help the
current VECs wherever possible," ARRL said. "Many of the VECs would
welcome help." ARRL said VEs, not VECs, are responsible for
administering amateur radio exams.
The number of new and upgraded licenses has been in line with earlier
years, "with noticeable increases in the 4 months following the
lockdown that occurred in many areas in the early spring," ARRL pointed
out.
ARRL said, "Increasing the number of VECs would expand the complexity
of VEC coordination and management, increase demand on FCC resources to
interface with additional organizations, and raise the potential for
abuse and fraud." Read an expanded version.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
ARRL Podcasts Schedule
The latest episode of the On the Air podcast (Episode 14) takes a
deeper dive into the subject of HF antenna tuners, including some
shopping tips.
The latest edition of Eclectic Tech (Episode 27) features a discussion
of virtual audio cables, plus a chat with Clint Turner, KA7OEI, about
extremely slow CW, otherwise known as QRSS.
The On the Air and Eclectic Tech podcasts are sponsored by Icom. Both
podcasts are available on iTunes (iOS) and Stitcher (Android), as well
as on Blubrry -- On the Air | Eclectic Tech.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RadFxSat-2/Fox-1E Designated AMSAT-OSCAR 109 as Troubleshooting
Continues
Launched on January 17, the RadFxSat-2/Fox-1E CubeSat has been
designated as AMSAT-OSCAR 109 (AO-109). The satellite, which carries a
telemetry beacon and a linear transponder, along with radiation effects
experiments, is a joint mission of AMSAT and the Institute for Space
and Defense Electronics at Vanderbilt University. While the telemetry
beacon has not yet been heard, the transponder is partially operational
at reduced signal strength.
"Work continues to recover the telemetry beacon and characterize the
transponder with the goal of opening it for general use," AMSAT said
this week. "Testing and characterization of RadFxSat-2/AO-109
continues." On January 27, a ham in Nevada reported weakly hearing his
CW signal via the spacecraft's transponder.
AMSAT engineering and operations teams made the official AO-109
designation after confirmation that the linear transponder was
functional, although with a low-level downlink signal. Read an expanded
version. -- Thanks to AMSAT News Service via Mark Hammond, N8MH
-------------------------------------------------------------------
ARRL Learning Network Webinars
Visit the ARRL Learning Network (a members-only benefit) to register,
check on upcoming webinars, and to view previously recorded sessions.
Interesting Stories about Ham Radio & Weather Spotting -- Rob Macedo,
KD1CY
One of the most critical ways amateur radio supports agencies such as
the National Weather Service (NWS), National Hurricane Center, and
emergency management is through weather spotting via the NWS SKYWARN
program. This presentation reviews some interesting stories about how
amateurs involved in SKYWARN have saved lives and property and why this
is an important amateur radio activity.
Thursday, February 11, 2021 @ 8 PM EST (0100 UTC on Friday, February
12)
Maxim Memorial Station W1AW Tour -- Joe Carcia, NJ1Q, W1AW Station
Manager
Maxim Memorial Station W1AW, located in Newington, Connecticut, was
established to honor the memory of ARRL's co-founder and first
president, Hiram Percy Maxim. Although the first radio station of ARRL
was actually located in Hartford, Connecticut and active as W1MK, W1AW
in Newington is known worldwide and considered the radio station most
associated with Hiram Percy Maxim. Formally established in 1938 --
nearly 2 years after the death of Hiram Percy Maxim -- W1AW has
consistently been on the air, save for the time when the station was
ordered off the air by the FCC because of World War II.
Thursday, February 18, 2021 @ 3:30 PM EST (2030 UTC)
Talking to Astronauts: An Elementary School's Exciting ARISS Experience
-- Diane Warner, KE8HLD
This is a story about Tallmadge Elementary School's participation in a
once-in-a-lifetime ARISS (Amateur Radio on the International Space
Station) school contact. Learn about their amazing journey leading up
to the amateur radio contact with an astronaut on the International
Space Station. The excitement of the entire experience was shared not
just by the students, but included faculty, parents, the community, and
local amateur radio operators. You will also learn how to begin the
process of submitting your own ARISS contact proposal.
Tuesday, March 2, 2021 @ 1 PM EST (1800 UTC)
Visit the ARRL Learning Network (a members-only benefit) to register,
check on upcoming webinars, and to view previously recorded sessions.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
IARU Agrees On Preliminary WRC-23 Positions
The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) has agreed on its
preliminary positions for World Radiocommunication Conference 2023
(WRC-23), according to Barry Lewis, G4SJH, Chair of IARU Region 1
Spectrum Affairs.
"The preparatory work for WRC-23 has started across all [three] regions
in both the ITUƒ**R [Radiocommunication Sector] and the Regional
Telecommunications Organizations (RTOs)," Lewis said. "The IARU has
representatives in these RTOs, and the ITUƒ**R contributing to the
studies and helping to develop the regional positions on all the WRC
agenda items. It is vital that the amateur community presents its views
in a consolidated and consistent manner on each WRC agenda item across
all the regions."
Lewis said the IARU ministrative Council has agreed on initial
preliminary positions covering the six most important agenda items for
the Amateur and Amateur-Satellite Services.
The preliminary IARU positions:
* Agenda Item 1.2 -- oppose the identification of 10.0 - 10.5 GHz for
International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) in Region 2 (the
Americas), as well as the introduction of a mobile service
allocation in the region.
* Agenda Item 1.12 -- support studies that include the need to
protect the incumbent amateur service in the adjacent 50 - 54 MHz
band. The agenda item calls for studies to establish a possible new
secondary allocation for spaceborne radar sounders within a range
of frequencies around 45 MHz.
* Agenda Item 1.14 -- support retaining the 248 - 250 GHz primary and
the 241 - 248 GHz secondary Amateur and Amateur-Satellite Services
allocations.
* Agenda Item 1.18 -- support retention of the amateur secondary
allocation of 3300 - 3400 MHz in Regions 2 and 3.
* Agenda Item 9.1, Topic A -- The IARU said, "In considering
potential new regulatory provisions for the recognition of space
weather systems, additional constraints on incumbent services
including the Amateur and Amateur-Satellite Services must be
avoided."
* Agenda Item 9.1 Topic B -- The IARU said, "Radio amateurs have
successfully co-existed and innovated in the frequency range of
1240 - 1300 MHz for many years, and IARU believes that the
regulatory status of the Amateur and Amateur-Satellite Services in
this range is already clear."
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Amateur Radio in the News
ARRL Public Information Officers, Coordinators, and many other
member-volunteers help keep amateur radio and ARRL in the news.
Ham Radio Forms a Planet-Sized Space Weather Sensor Network
Eos, February 9, 2021
Mississippi Valley Amateur Radio Holds Training in WXOW's Parking Lot
ABC News 19 (Minnesota/Wisconsin), February 6, 2021
When Scoutmasters Got Trained to be Amateur Radio Operators
Net News Ledger (Canada), February 5, 2021
Concord Student Wins Congressional App Challenge
Patch News (California), February 4, 2021
Share any amateur radio media hits you spot with us.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Article: Ham Radio Forms a Planet-Sized Space Weather Sensor Network
The article "Ham Radio Forms a Planet-Sized Space Weather Sensor
Network," which appeared on February 9 in Eos, Earth & Space Science
News, sprang from a project by the Ham Radio Science Citizen
Investigation (HamSCI), founded by Nathaniel Frissell, W2NAF, of the
University of Scranton, one of the paper's authors. The other authors
are Kristina Collins, KD8OXT, who led the project, and David Kazdan,
AD8Y, both of Case Western Reserve University (W8EDU). The article
posits that, with their experience dealing with ionosphere-influenced
propagation, radio amateurs have an empirical knowledge of space
weather and offer a ready-made volunteer science community.
The article covers the methods and research being used to monitor the
effects of solar activity on Earth's atmosphere, telecommunications,
and electrical utilities -- and the valuable data being crowdsourced
from amateur radio signals.
"To fully understand variability on small spatial scales and short
timescales, the scientific community will require vastly larger and
denser sensing networks that collect data on continental and global
scales," the article asserts. "With open-source instrumentation cheaper
and more plentiful than ever before, the time is ripe for amateur
scientists to take distributed measurements of the ionosphere -- and
the amateur radio community is up for the challenge."
"The reach of these crowdsourced systems, and the support of the
amateur community, offers tremendous opportunities for scientific
measurements," the article notes.
The research acknowledges a handful of HamSCI collaborators -- from
organizations and universities -- and is supported by National Science
Foundation grants. HamSCI's Personal Space Weather Station initiative
aims to develop a network of specially equipped amateur stations that
will allow amateurs to collect useful data for space science
researchers. Ham radio operators and researchers, through HamSCI, are
designing hardware for a distributed network of personal space weather
stations, the article explains.
The 2021 HamSCI virtual workshop will take place March 19 - 20. Read an
expanded version.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Announcements
* CQ has announced that Trent Fleming, N4DTF, of Germantown,
Tennessee, has been named CQ magazine's VHF-Plus Editor. He
succeeds Tony Emanuele, K8ZR. Fleming's first column will appear in
the April 2021 issue of CQ.
* Michel Godart, F8GGZ, plans to celebrate United Nations World Radio
Day, February 13, with special call sign TM23JMR (Journee Mondiale
de la Radio). Activity will be on 1.8 through 14 MHz, SSB and CW.
* Tom Callas, KC0W, has announced that he's activated Saipan (KH0)
for the first time on 60 and 160 meters FT8. "The 160-meter pileups
have been massive," he reports. Do not call on his transmit
frequency.
* Members of the West Bengal Radio Club (VU2WB) in India are
celebrating United Nations World Radio Day, February 13, with the
special call sign AT2WRD. Operation will continue until February
20.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
A "Perfect Coronal Mass Ejection" Could Be a Nightmare
A new study in the research journal Space Weather considers what might
happen if a worst-case coronal mass ejection (CME) hit Earth -- a
"perfect solar storm," if you will.
In 2014, Bruce Tsurutani of Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and Gurbax
Lakhina of the Indian Institute of Geomagnetism introduced the "perfect
CME." It could create a magnetic storm with intensity up to the
saturation limit, a value greater than the Carrington Event of 1859,
the researchers said. The interplanetary shock would arrive at Earth
within about 12 hours, the shock impingement onto the magnetosphere
would create a sudden impulse of around 234 nanoteslas (nT), and the
magnetic pulse duration in the magnetosphere would be about 22 seconds.
Orbiting satellites would be exposed to "extreme levels of flare and
interplanetary CME (ICME) shock-accelerated particle radiation," they
said. The event would follow an initial CME that would "clear the path
in front of it, allowing the storm cloud to hit Earth with maximum
force."
The CME's 12-hour travel time would allow little margin for
preparation. The CME would hit Earth's magnetosphere at 45 times the
local speed of sound, and the resulting geomagnetic storm could be as
much as twice as strong as the Carrington Event. Power grids, GPS, and
other services could experience significant outages.
More recent research led by physicist Dan Welling of the University of
Texas at Arlington took a fresh look at Tsurutani and Lakhina's
"perfect CME," and given improvements in spaceweather modeling, he was
able to reach new conclusions.
Welling's team found that geomagnetic disturbances in response to a
perfect CME could be 10 times stronger than Tsurutani and Lakhina had
calculated, especially at latitudes above 45 to 50ø. Read an expanded
version.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Club Gets Double Duty from Minnesota QSO Party 2021 Operation
The Mississippi Valley Amateur Radio Association (MVARA) fielded a team
to the parking lot of a local TV station to take part in the Minnesota
QSO Party over the February 7 - 8 weekend. Not only did the group get
some emergency exercise training but garnered positive publicity for
amateur radio from the station's news team. Using special event call
sign W0M, 10 radio amateurs -- including one newly minted
Scott Neader, KA9FOX (left), and
Bill Kleinschmidt, N9FDE, on the
air.
General-class ham who's still awaiting his call sign -- pitched in. The
operation took place in an emergency communications bus, with
everything set up like a Field Day operation, although in the Minnesota
winter.
"MVARA recently acquired a full-sized emergency communications bus that
needed some TLC," said Scott Neader, KA9FOX -- one of the operators.
"The club has been refurbishing it over the last year and was looking
for an opportunity to operate from the bus to test out some of the
recent improvements, as well as to test our ability to set up a viable
HF communications center in less-than-ideal conditions."
"As a bonus to operating at the TV station, the news department
couldn't resist checking out what we were doing, and we wound up being
a part of the 10 PM news broadcast," Neader said.
Judging from the statistics the club posted on 3830.com, the operation
was a great success. "We had a blast and are looking forward to more
operations like this, as well as being able to use the communications
bus as a mobile tool to educate students and the general public about
amateur radio...and to support our communities with any emergency
communication needs, as they may arise," Neader said.
The W0M team claimed 203,392 points, with 908 (392 CW + 516 SSB)
contacts in 57 US states and Canadian provinces and 54 out of 87
Minnesota counties in 10 hours of operating. Read an expanded version.
The K7RA Solar Update
Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, reports: Sunspots are gone, with none seen
since February 2 and 3. Spaceweather.com reports that a small
proto-sunspot "is struggling to form" at the edge of the sun's
southeast quadrant near the eastern horizon. They also report that 56%
of the days so far in 2021 have been spotless. For all of 2020, 57% of
the days were spotless.
Average daily solar flux was 72.8 over this reporting week, down from
74.2 last week. Average planetary A index increased from 6.7 to 7.7,
and average daily middle latitude A index rose from 4.6 to 6. These are
still low, quiet numbers, quite favorable for conditions on 80 and 160
meters, particularly during winter.
Predicted solar flux for the next 30 days is 72 on February 11 - 18; 78
on February 19 - 22; 76 on February 23 - 25; 74 on February 26; 73 on
February 27 - March 1; 72 on March 2 - 7; 74 on March 8 - 10, and 76 on
March 11 - 12. Flux values may rise to 78 again after the middle of
March.
Predicted planetary A index is 5 on February 11 - 15; 10 on February 16
- 18; 5 on February 19 - 20; 20, 16, and 12 on February 21 - 23; 5 on
February 24 - 28; 18 and 14 on March 1 - 2; 5 on March 3 - 4; 8, 20,
and 10 on March 5 - 7, and 5 on March 8 - 12.
Sunspot numbers for February 4 - 10, 2021 were 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, and 0,
with a mean of 0. The 10.7-centimeter flux was 73.9, 72.8, 72.5, 73.2,
73.6, 70, and 73.7, with a mean of 72.8. Estimated planetary A indices
were 7, 6, 7, 21, 6, 4, and 3, with a mean of 7.7. Middle latitude A
index was 7, 3, 4, 18, 6, 3, and 1, with a mean of 6.
A comprehensive K7RA Solar Update is posted Fridays on the ARRL
website. For more information concerning radio propagation, visit the
ARRL Technical Information Service, read "What the Numbers Mean...,"
and check out K9LA's Propagation Page.
A propagation bulletin archive is available. For customizable
propagation charts, visit the VOACAP Online for Ham Radio website.
Share your reports and observations.
In Brief...
ARRL Member Sean Donelan, KM6NGN, of Concord, California, is the winner
of the 2020 Congressional App Challenge (CAC) for California's 11th
District, according to an announcement from US Representative Mark
DeSaulnier (CA-11). Donelan, a 9th grader at Northgate High School,
designed and created NetHam: The Public Service Event Coordinator's
Third Hand. "My app is a radio that partially automates the more
arduous and monotonous tasks of being the main operator of an amateur
radio voice net. These tasks include automated sign-in of operators,
easy tracking of participants without lengthy radio conversations, and
an operator attention-keeper/attention-caller," Donelan told ARRL. "The
point of these features is to allow a radio net control station to
focus on the more important task of relaying pertinent information
around a radio network, rather than focusing on constantly reciting and
editing operator and event participant rosters."
A scientific paper has linked Jupiter with solar cycles. The paper,
published in Solar Physics, predicts that the Solar Cycle 25 maximum
will take place in 2026 and reach an amplitude similar to that of Solar
Cycle 24. "This article deals with the prediction of the upcoming solar
activity cycle, Solar Cycle 25. We propose that astronomical ephemeris,
specifically taken from the catalogs of aphelia of the four Jovian
planets, could be drivers of variations in solar activity, represented
by the series of sunspot numbers (SSN) from 1749 to 2020," the abstract
reads. "We conclude with a prediction of Solar Cycle 25 that can be
compared to a dozen predictions by other authors: The maximum would
occur in 2026.2 (ñ 1 year) and reach an amplitude of 97.6 (ñ 7.8),
similar to that of Solar Cycle 24."
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Just Ahead in Radiosport
* February 13 -- Asia-Pacific Spring Sprint, CW
* February 13 -- Feld Hell Sprint
* February 13 -- RSGB 1.8 MHz Contest (CW)
* February 13 - 14 -- The HamCation QSO Party
* February 13 - 14 -- CQ WW RTTY WPX Contest
* February 13 - 14 -- SARL Field Day Contest (CW, phone, digital)
* February 13 - 14 -- Dutch PACC Contest (CW, phone)
* February 13 - 14 -- SKCC Weekend Sprintathon (CW)
* February 13 - 15 -- YLRL YL-OM Contest (CW, phone, digital)
* February 13 - 14 -- OMISS QSO Party (Phone)
* February 13 - 14 -- AWA AM QSO Party
* February 14 -- PODXS 070 Club Valentine Sprint
* February 14 -- Balkan HF Contest (CW, phone)
* February 15 -- CQC Winter QSO Party (CW)
* February 15 -- 4 States QRP Group Second Sunday Sprint (CW, phone)
* February 15 -- RSGB FT4 Contest Series
* February 17 -- AGCW Semi-Automatic Key Evening
* February 20 - 21 -- ARRL International DX Contest (CW)
Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions
Many conventions and hamfests have been canceled or postponed due to
the coronavirus pandemic. Check the calendar of canceled events on the
ARRL website.
* February 13 - 14 -- Orlando HamCation Special Edition (online)
* March 13 - 14 -- QSO Today Virtual Ham Expo
Find conventions and hamfests in your area.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
ARRL -- Your One-Stop Resource for
Amateur Radio News and Information.
.
.
* Join or Renew Today! Eligible US-based members can elect to receive
QST or On the Air magazine in print when they join ARRL or when
they renew their membership. All members can access digital
editions of all four ARRL magazines: QST, On the Air, QEX, and NCJ.
* Listen to ARRL Audio News, available every Friday.
Subscribe to...
* NCJ -- National Contest Journal. Published bimonthly, features
articles by top contesters, letters, hints, statistics, scores, NA
Sprint, and QSO parties.
* QEX -- A Forum for Communications Experimenters. Published
bimonthly, features technical articles, construction projects,
columns, and other items of interest to radio amateurs and
communications professionals.
Free of charge to ARRL members...
* Subscribe to the ARES Letter (monthly public service and emergency
communications news), the ARRL Contest Update (biweekly contest
newsletter), Division and Section news alerts -- and much more!
* Find ARRL on Facebook! Follow us on Twitter and Instagram!
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The ARRL Letter is published Thursdays, 50 times each year. ARRL members
and registered guests may subscribe at no cost or unsubscribe by editing
their profile.
Copyright (c) 2021 American Radio Relay League, Incorporated. Use and
distribution of this publication, or any portion thereof, is permitted for
non-commercial or educational purposes, with attribution. All other
purposes require written permission.
--- SendMsg/2
--- Squish/386 v1.11
* Origin: Outpost BBS@bbs.outpostbbs.net:10123 (1:18/200)
|