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Ärende: The Weekly ARRL Letter
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The ARRL Letter
April 15, 2021
* Updated Radio Frequency Exposure Rules Become Effective on May 3
* St. Vincent Radio Amateurs on Alert During Volcano Emergency
* ARRL Podcasts Schedule
* National Science Foundation Funds Creation of Research Lab at
Alaska's HAARP
* ARRL Learning Network Webinars
* Amateur Radio in the News
* Intrepid-DX Group Joins Forces with LA7GIA in Bouvet Island Attempt
* Announcements
* The K7RA Solar Update
* In Brief...
* Just Ahead in Radiosport
* Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions
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World Amateur Radio Day is April 18
ARRL wishes all of our members and friends a very happy World Amateur
Radio Day, Sunday, April 18! Join us in celebrating the global
community of radio amateurs who explore, develop, and enjoy radio
communication. Hiram Percy Maxim Memorial Station W1AW will be on the
air on April 18 from ARRL Headquarters in Connecticut. World Amateur
Radio Day celebrates the 1925 founding of the International Amateur
Radio Union (IARU), which has chosen "Amateur Radio: Home but Never
Alone" as its theme for this year's anniversary.
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Updated Radio Frequency Exposure Rules Become Effective on May 3
The FCC has announced that rule changes detailed in a lengthy 2019
Report and Order (R&O) governing RF exposure standards go into effect
on May 3, 2021. The new rules do not change existing RF exposure (RFE)
limits but do require that stations in all services, including amateur
radio, be evaluated against existing limits, unless they are exempted.
For stations already in place, that evaluation must be completed by May
3, 2023. After May 3 of this year, any new station, or any existing
station modified in a way that's likely to change its RFE profile --
such as different antennas or placement, or greater power -- will need
to conduct an evaluation by the date of activation or change.
"In the RF Report and Order, the Commission anticipated that few
parties would have to conduct reevaluations under the new rules and
that such evaluations will be relatively straightforward," the FCC said
in an April 2 Public Notice. "It nevertheless adopted a 2-year period
for parties to verify and ensure compliance under the new rules."
The Amateur Service is no longer categorically excluded from certain
aspects of the rules, as amended, and licensees can no longer avoid
performing an exposure assessment simply because they are transmitting
below a given power level.
"For most amateurs, the major difference is the removal of the
categorical exclusion for amateur radio, which means that ham station
owners must determine if they either qualify for an exemption or must
perform a routine environmental evaluation," said Greg Lapin, N9GL,
Chair of the ARRL RF Safety Committee and a member of the FCC
Technological visory Council (TAC).
"Ham stations previously excluded from performing environmental
evaluations will have until May 3, 2023, to perform these. After May 3,
2021, any new stations or those modified in a way that affects RF
exposure must comply before being put into service," Lapin said.
The December 2019 RF R&O changes the methods that many radio services
use to determine and achieve compliance with FCC limits on human
exposure to RF electromagnetic fields. The FCC also modified the
process for determining whether a particular device or deployment is
exempt from a more thorough analysis by replacing a service-specific
list of transmitters, facilities, and operations for which evaluation
is required with new streamlined formula-based criteria. The R&O also
addressed how to perform evaluations where the exemption does not
apply, and how to mitigate exposure.
Amateur radio licensees will have to determine whether any existing
facilities previously excluded under the old rules now qualify for an
exemption under the new rules. Most will, but some may not.
"For amateurs, the major difference is the removal of the categorical
exclusion," Lapin said, "which means that every ham will be required to
perform some sort of calculation, either to determine if they qualify
for [IMG]an exemption or must perform a full-fledged exposure
assessment. For hams who previously performed exposure assessments on
their stations, there is nothing more to do."
The ARRL Lab staff is available to help amateurs to make these
determinations and, if needed, perform the necessary calculations to
ensure their stations comply. ARRL Laboratory Manager Ed Hare, W1RFI,
who helped prepare ARRL's RF Exposure and You book, explained it this
way. "The FCC did not change any of the underlying rules applicable to
amateur station evaluations," he said. "The sections of the book on how
to perform routine station evaluations are still valid and usable,
especially the many charts of common antennas at different heights."
Hare said ARRL Lab staff also would be available to help amateurs
understand the rules and evaluate their stations.
RF Exposure and You is available for free download from ARRL. ARRL also
has an RF Safety page on its website.
The ARRL RF Safety Committee is working with the FCC to update the
FCC's aids for following human exposure rules -- OET Bulletin 65 and
OET Bulletin 65 Supplement B for Radio Amateurs. In addition, ARRL is
developing tools that all hams can use to perform exposure assessments.
St. Vincent Radio Amateurs on Alert During Volcano Emergency
Donald de Riggs, J88CD, on the Caribbean island of St. Vincent, says
that on April 13, the 42nd anniversary of the 1979 eruption of the La
SoufriŠre volcano, island residents were awakened to another column of
volcanic ash creating a thick blanket obscuring part of the eastern sky
as the volcano continues to erupt violently.
Elna Michael, J88NEK, reported
strong tremors in Fancy, St.
Vincent, before being evacuated from
the Red Zone just ahead of the
explosive phase.
"Almost all residents in the Red Zone have been evacuated, save for a
few diehards who will not move, for reasons unknown," he said.
Since the effusive eruption began last December, local hams have been
in a state of readiness via 2-meter networks and regional networks via
HF. A 24-hour regional HF network and vigil has been active since
violent eruptions resumed earlier this month to provide communication
support should telephone service be disrupted by the volcanic hazard.
This includes a twice-daily link-up on HF with the Caribbean Disaster
Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA). There is also a 2-meter gateway
via EchoLink on the J88AZ node. The other active VHF repeater is the
main resource for domestic communications.
The Grenada repeater, which is linked to St. Lucia and Barbados, is
also accessible by hams in Tobago, Trinidad, and St. Vincent and the
Grenadines. Frequencies being used for disaster-related communications
may include 3.815, 7.188, or 7.162 MHz. Volcanic ash is also falling in
Barbados, Dominica, St. Lucia, and Grenada.
The La SoufriŠre volcano on St. Vincent began its most recent series of
explosive eruptions on April 9, sending clouds of hot ash some 20,000
feet into the air, blanketing much of the island in ash and causing
water and power outages. The volcano is "a constant threat," according
to CDEMA. -- Thanks to The Daily DX
ARRL Podcasts Schedule
The latest episode of the On the Air podcast (Episode 16) focuses on
Parks on The Air (POTA), one of the most popular activities taking
place in amateur radio today. We chat with Audrey Hance, KN4TMU, a
relatively new ham who recently operated from Panther Creek State Park
in Tennessee.
The latest edition of Eclectic Tech (episode 30) discusses the
continued use of the PSK31 digital mode, and how many amateurs are
using it to "rediscover" the joys of real keyboard-to-keyboard
conversation. Also, QST and QEX author Phil Salas, AD5X, discusses the
revolution taking place in small, inexpensive vector network analyzers,
or VNAs.
The On the Air and Eclectic Tech podcasts are sponsored by Icom. Both
podcasts are available on iTunes (iOS) and Stitcher (Android), as well
as on Blubrry -- On the Air | Eclectic Tech.
National Science Foundation Funds Creation of Research Lab at Alaska's
HAARP
A 5-year, $9.3 million National Science Foundation (NSF) grant will
allow the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) Geophysical Institute to
establish a new research observatory at the High-frequency Active
Auroral Research Program (HAARP). A former military facility, HAARP is
now operated by UAF and is home to HAARP Amateur Radio Club's KL7ERP.
The new Subauroral Geophysical Observatory for Space Physics and Radio
Science will be dedicated to exploring Earth's
A section of the HAARP antenna array
field at sunset with Mount Drum in
the background.
upper atmosphere and geospace environment. The facility's 33-acre
Ionospheric Research Instrument will be the centerpiece of the
observatory.
"This NSF support will provide the scientific community increased
access to the instruments at the observatory and, hopefully, grow the
scientific community," said Geophysical Institute Director Robert
McCoy, the project's principal investigator.
A second NSF-funded project will add a Light Detection and Ranging
(LiDAR) instrument at the site, which will allow the study of other
regions of the upper atmosphere. UAF hopes to add additional
instruments over time at the Gakona, Alaska, research site.
The research grant will allow scientists to investigate how the sun
affects Earth's ionosphere and magnetosphere to produce changes in
space weather. Their work will help fill gaps in knowledge about the
region, which is important because ionospheric disturbances, if severe
enough, can disrupt communication systems and damage the power grid.
Research at the observatory is initially expected to include the study
of various types of aurora and other occurrences in the ionosphere.
The Gakona facility is a prime location for the study of the ionosphere
and magnetosphere because of its location in relation to one of Earth's
magnetic field lines that reaches deep into the magnetosphere.
"Amateur radio will clearly benefit with an improved understanding of
ionospheric propagation and space weather physics, and providing
improved HF propagation prediction modeling data," HAARP Research
Station Chief Engineer and ARRL Life Member Steve Floyd, W4YHD, told
ARRL. He said, "Radio science experiments will also provide a valuable
data set to encourage development of new radio technologies and
modulation methods."
Floyd is the trustee for KL7ERP, which, he says, is available "to
demonstrate amateur radio to visiting scientists and students, to
maintain contact with Alaska hams, and to provide visiting hams with an
opportunity to operate from this unique Alaska location." Read an
expanded version.
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ARRL Learning Network Webinars
Visit the ARRL Learning Network (a members-only benefit) to register,
check on upcoming webinars, and to view previously recorded sessions.
Finding and Fixing RFI -- Paul Cianciolo, W1VLF, on Tuesday, April 20,
2021 at 1 PM EDT (1700 UTC)
Radio frequency interference (RFI) has been a problem for ham radio
operators and shortwave listeners (SWLs) since the radio hobby began.
Noise has gotten worse over the last 20 years or so with the advent of
widespread solar power, LED lightning, grow lights, and digital
devices. Learn all about finding and fixing RFI in today's world.
HF Noise Mitigation -- ARRL Northwestern Division Director Mike Ritz,
W7VO, on Thursday, May 6 at 3:30 PM EDT (1930 UTC)
An educational seminar to help both new and experienced HF operators
who find themselves plagued with noise. We'll learn what "noise" is,
discuss the various noise sources, and talk about how to mitigate those
noises using a variety of techniques.
W1AW Antenna Farm -- W1AW Station Manager Joe Carcia, NJ1Q, on Tuesday,
May 18, at 1 PM EDT (1700 UTC)
Experience a bird's-eye view and description of the antennas used by
W1AW for the station's scheduled transmissions and visiting operator
activity. All the antennas used at W1AW are single-band Yagis. Viewers
will also see the 5 GHz sector antennas that are part of W1AW's AREDN
system.
These Learning Network presentations are sponsored by Icom.
ARRL members may register for upcoming presentations and view
previously recorded Learning Network webinars. ARRL-affiliated radio
clubs may also use the recordings as presentations for club meetings,
mentoring new and current hams, and discussing amateur radio topics.
The ARRL Learning Network schedule is subject to change.
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Archive of Marconi Papers and Correspondence Acquired by California
Museum
The Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens in San
Marino, California, has acquired an archive of papers and
correspondence to, from, and about wireless pioneer and Nobel Laureate
Guglielmo Marconi. Among the more than 200 pages of correspondence are
31 letters from Marconi to his Chief Engineer, Richard Vyvyan, written
between 1902 and 1909, regarding the construction and successful
implementation of a transatlantic telegraph system. The collection also
includes Vyvyan's extensive manuscript overview of wireless technology,
"Notes on Long Distance Wireless Telegraphy and the Design and
Construction and Working of High Power Wireless Stations," written
between 1900 and 1904.
"Marconi transformed the speed and effectiveness of telecommunication
through wireless telegraphy," said Daniel Lewis, who is responsible for
the Huntington Library's history of science and technology holdings
from 1800 to the present.
Marconi was relentless in his attempts to improve on his radio work, as
reflected in this archive. "Working very hard to try and find out what
are the somewhat occult causes which make signals good one night and
unobtainable the next," he wrote to Vyvyan in 1907. "I believe I have
found, if not very clearly, the cause of the effects noticed."
Vyvyan was largely responsible for the construction and operation of
the transmitting station at Poldhu in Cornwall, from where the
first-ever transatlantic signal was sent to Newfoundland on December
12, 1901. He was also in charge of the Cape Breton Island station the
following year, when the first signal was sent in the opposite
direction. Read an expanded version.
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Amateur Radio in the News
ARRL Public Information Officers, Coordinators, and many other
member-volunteers help keep amateur radio and ARRL in the news. Share
any amateur radio media hits you spot with us.
* How Geeky Charm Turned a WWII Maneuver Into a Competitive Sport /
Inverse Magazine, April 7, 2021
* Equinox Balloon Launch Connects Educators Around the Globe / KHQ6
NBC (Washington), March 21, 2021
* Inside the Summit-Obsessed World of Ham Radio / Outside Magazine,
March 14, 2021
* Portland Man Connects Kids to International Space Station From His
Home / KGW8 NBC (Oregon), March 6, 2021
* Radio Gaga / The Star (Malaysia), March 6, 2021
Share any amateur radio media hits you spot with us.
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Intrepid-DX Group Joins Forces with LA7GIA in Bouvet Island Attempt
The Intrepid-DX Group has teamed with DXpeditioner Ken Opskar, LA7GIA,
in its quest to activate Bouvet Island, the second-most-wanted DXCC
entity according to Club Log. The 3Y0J DXpedition is planned for
January through February 2023. A dependency of Norway, Bouvet is a
sub-Antarctic island in the South Atlantic. The last Bouvet activation
was 3Y0E, during a scientific expedition over the winter of 2007 -
2008.
"There's a lot to do, and we have a big financial mountain to climb,"
DXpedition co-leader Paul Ewing, N6PSE, said in a recent interview
[IMG]with Tim Duffy, K3LR. Ewing will share leadership duties with
Opskar in the amateur radio adventure.
"The cost of the Braveheart charter is enormous, but we've got some
experience under our belt doing South Sandwich and South Georgia back
in 2016. That was perfect preparation for Bouvet. We'll have a very
difficult landing, so we're prepared for that."
A 2018 DXpedition to Bouvet was scuttled after severe weather and an
engine problem forced the team -- with Bouvet already in view -- to
turn back.
The plan calls for the 3Y0J team of 14 to board the marine vessel
Braveheart in Capetown, South Africa, for "the treacherous voyage to
Bouvet," Ewing said. "We will plan to spend 20 days at Bouvet and,
weather permitting, we plan to have 14 to 16 good days of radio
activity."
"This will be an arduous and expensive mission. Our budget is $764,000,
and the 3Y0J team will fund much of this mission. We desperately need
the global DX community to support our mission and help us make this
important activation of the second-most-wanted DXCC entity. It is only
through this kind of support that we can achieve our mission of making
100,000 contacts or more from Bouvet."
The Northern California DX Foundation and the International DX
Association have already stepped up to the plate.
"We plan to make best use of propagation and modes on 10 - 160 meters,"
Ewing said in the announcement. Operation will be on SSB, CW, and
digital modes. "But I want to make it clear," Ewing told Duffy.
"There's no doubt. We are going!"
Follow the Intrepid-DX Group's 3Y0J plans via Facebook. Visit the 3Y0J
website for more information and to make a donation. Read an expanded
version.
Announcements
* Special event station GB1PPP marks the April 9 death of Prince
Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh, at age 99. A World War II Naval
officer, he was the patron of the Radio Society of Great Britain
(RSGB).
* Members of the newly formed Seychelles Amateur Radio Association
(SARA) will celebrate World Amateur Radio Day on Sunday, April 18.
They plan to operate the club's call sign, S77SARA, for the first
time. Activity is expected around 1100 - 1300 UTC.
* Radio Amateurs of Canada (RAC) has announced its Get on the Air on
World Amateur Radio Day event. World Amateur Radio Day, on April
18, celebrates the formation of the International Amateur Radio
Union (IARU) on April 18, 1925. The object is to contact as many
RAC-suffix stations as possible.
* The winner of the Amateur Radio Software Award for 2021 is Jordan
Sherer, KN4CRD, for his JS8Call project. The annual Amateur Radio
Software Award recognizes software projects that enhance and adhere
to the spirit of amateur radio by being innovative, free, and open.
It includes a monetary stipend.
* The Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) has announced a new
Friendship Award, designed to celebrate the friendship of amateur
radio over the airwaves. The award also incorporates the IARU's
chosen theme for World Amateur Radio Day on Sunday, April 18,
"Amateur Radio: Home, But not Alone."
* Expedition 64 Flight Engineer Kate Rubins, KG5FYJ, and Russian
cosmonauts Sergey Ryzhikov and Sergey Kud-Sverchkov will depart the
International Space Station (ISS) on April 16. NASA TV will cover
the departure and landing. NASA astronaut Shannon Walker, KD5DXB,
will take over as commander of the ISS.
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The K7RA Solar Update
Tad Cook, K7RA, Seattle, reports: On April 12, new sunspot group AR2814
appeared following 5 days of no sunspots at all. Daily sunspot numbers
on the following 3 days were 16, 16 and, 17 taking the average daily
sunspot number for the April 8 - 14 reporting week to 7, up from 6.4
last week. So far in 2021, 39% of the days had no sunspots.
Geomagnetic indicators were quiet, with average daily planetary A index
declining slightly from 6.6 to 5.1. Likewise, middle latitude A index
changed from 5.6 to 4.1.
On April 14, Spaceweather.com reported a high-speed stream of solar
wind from a hole in the sun's Southern Hemisphere. This could produce a
minor geomagnetic storm on April 17.
At 2338 UTC on April 14, the Australian Space Forecast Centre issued
this Geomagnetic Disturbance Warning: "Geomagnetic activity is expected
to increase to active levels with a chance of an isolated minor storm
period from late April 16, due to coronal hole effects."
Predicted solar flux is 74 on April 15 - 19; 72 on April 20 - 21; 75 on
April 22 - May 8, and 72 on May 9 - 17.
Predicted planetary A index is 8, 18, 20, and 16 on April 15 - 18; 12,
8, 5, and 10 on April 19 - 22; 8 on April 23 - 24; 5 on April 25 - 26;
10 and 8 on April 27 - 28; 5 on April 29 - May 3; 15 on May 4; 5 on May
5 - 7; 8 on May 8; 5 on May 9 - 10; 8 on May 11 - 12; 5 on May 13, and
20 on May 14.
Frank Donovan, W3LPL, delivered a presentation on "HF Ionospheric
Propagation" for the Central Arizona DX Association.
Sunspot numbers for April 8 - 14 were 0, 0, 0, 0, 16, 16, and 17, with
a mean of 7. The 10.7-centimeter flux was 74, 77.8, 70.4, 72.9, 82.8,
72.8, and 74.4, with a mean of 75. Estimated planetary A indices were
5, 3, 5, 6, 5, 5, and 7, with a mean of 5.1. Middle latitude A index
was 3, 2, 3, 5, 4, 5, and 7, with a mean of 4.1.
A comprehensive K7RA Solar Update is posted Fridays on the ARRL
website. For more information concerning radio propagation, visit the
ARRL Technical Information Service, read "What the Numbers Mean...,"
and check out K9LA's Propagation Page.
A propagation bulletin archive is available. For customizable
propagation charts, visit the VOACAP Online for Ham Radio website.
Share your reports and observations.
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In Brief...
The SSB ARRL Rookie Roundup is Sunday, April 18, 1800 - 2359 UTC. The
Rookie Roundup is aimed at hams licensed for 3 years or less. Rookies
make as many contacts as possible during this 6-hour event. Rookies
work everyone, and non-Rookies work only Rookies. Stations exchange
each other's call signs, first names, a two-digit year, and state (US
or Mexican), Canadian province, or DX. Rookies can enter as a Single
Operator or invite Rookie friends over and operate as Multioperator. Up
to five Single Operator Rookies can also enter from their individual
stations and submit their total score as a team. This is a great way
for clubs to get newer members on the air, and the perfect opportunity
to be a mentor to new licensees. Seasoned operators can join in the fun
by calling "CQ Rookies." This year, the Rookie Roundup takes place
during World Amateur Radio Day. Use the opportunity to wish
participants "Happy World Amateur Radio Day" on the air. Logs are due
on April 21 (within 72 hours after the event). No late entries will be
accepted. Complete rules, logging sheets, and links for submitting your
score are on the Rookie Roundup web page.
Researcher and innovator Ulrich Rohde, N1UL, has been awarded the Cross
of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. He was nominated by Markus
Söder, president of the German state of Bavaria and member of the
Bavarian Parliament. Söder said that Rohde's work as a scientist,
university lecturer, developer, and entrepreneur in the fields of radio
frequency and microwave technology "has made a significant contribution
to our country's technological advances, prosperity, and security." The
Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, also known as the
Federal Cross of Merit, is the highest tribute the Federal Republic of
Germany can pay to individuals for services to the nation. Federal
President Theodor Heuss established the Order in 1951 on the second
anniversary of the founding of the Federal Republic.
Over the Horizon (OTH) radars in ham bands may be too numerous to
count. The IARU Region 1 Monitoring System (IARUMS) March newsletter
reported that the seemingly ubiquitous Over the Horizon Radars (OTH-Rs)
made up about 60% of all interference observations, to the point that
"one cannot even count them anymore." The IARUMS presumes that only a
few stations are transmitting on often-changing frequencies. In
contrast to the past, however, these are more frequently burst systems,
which typically transmit for just a few seconds before changing
frequency. IARUMS said that only the "Contayner" and "Pluto" systems
transmit on a single frequency for longer periods.
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Just Ahead in Radiosport
* April 16 - 17 -- Holyland DX Contest (CW, phone, digital)
* April 17 -- Feld Hell Sprint
* April 17 -- ES Open HF Championship (CW, phone)
* April 17 - 18 -- Worked All Provinces of China (CW, phone)
* April 17 - 18 -- YU DX Contest (CW, phone)
* April 17 - 18 -- CQMM DX Contest (CW)
* April 17 - 18 -- All Texas State Parks on the Air (CW, phone,
digital)
* April 17 - 18 -- Michigan QSO Party (CW, phone)
* April 17 - 18 -- EA-QRP CW Contest
* April 17 - 18 -- Ontario QSO Party (CW, phone)
* April 18 -- ARRL Rookie Roundup, SSB
* April 18 - 19 -- Run for the Bacon QRP Contest (CW)
* April 21 -- RSGB 80-Meter Club Championship, SSB
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Upcoming ARRL Section, State, and Division Conventions
Many conventions and hamfests have been canceled or postponed due to
the coronavirus pandemic. Check the calendar of canceled events on the
ARRL website.
* August 13 - 15 -- QSO Today Virtual Ham Expo (online)
* August 21 - 22 -- ARRL Southeastern Division Convention (Huntsville
Hamfest), Huntsville, Alabama
Find conventions and hamfests in your area.
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